The Iraq Death Toll 15 Years After the US Invasion Consider the 86,000 figure supporting the 103-113,000 death toll. What is the real death toll in Iraq? | Iraq | The Guardian "It is clear that the Iraqi people are quite eager for the US to lighten its military footprint in Iraq," Prof. Kull concluded. [143], U.S. military- and Iraqi Defence Ministry-provided numbers, including suicide bombers. Read the article, and this report from the science journal Nature. [228] Hagopian et al. Francisco J. Luquero and Rebecca F. Grais argued that the IFHS's lengthy survey and use of IBC data as a proxy for particularly dangerous areas likely resulted in an underestimate of violent mortality, while Gulden hypothesized that respondents may have been reluctant to report violent deaths to researchers working with the Iraqi government. The analysis appears in The Nation (Feb. 16, 2009) and can also be read here. (no 1.3 million American deaths, no January 6, and no shared psychosis). Also, they "include no deaths among the many civilians wounded in attacks who may die later from wounds. Insight: World's war on greenhouse gas emissions has a military blind [30][90][91][92][93] The IBC project's director, John Sloboda, has stated, "We've always said our work is an undercount, you can't possibly expect that a media-based analysis will get all the deaths. Virtually all first-hand accounts blamed violence as the cause of moving, or threats of ethnic or sectarian cleansing of neighborhoods. [95], According to a 2013 Lancet article, the Iraq Body Count is "a non-peer-reviewed but innovative online and media-centred approach that passively counted non-combatant civilian deaths as they were recorded in the media and available morgue reports. "Though Human Rights Watch, Retrieved December 5, 2017", "Right-Wingers Can't Cover Up Iraq's Death Toll Catastrophe", "1 Million Dead in Iraq? No war crimes tribunal. [8][19] The Iraq Body Count (IBC) project records its numbers based on a "comprehensive survey of commercial media and NGO-based reports, along with official records that have been released into the public sphere. It is for this reason that the mortality study conducted by Burnham et al was commissioned by the MIT Center for International Studies. Several reports on the recent media controversies and statistics flap, Video Lecture by Gilbert M. Burnham: Counting the Dead in Iraq, The Human Cost of the War in Iraq: a Mortality Study, October 11, 2006 (pdf), UN Assistance Mission for Iraq: Human Rights Report, 1 April - 30 June 2007 (pdf), More than 1,000,000 Iraqis murdered, ORB Report, Rising to the Humanitarian Challenge in Iraq, Mortality before and after the 2003 invasion of Iraq: havent recognized them as refugees nor given them formal residency rights. The results have a 2.5-point error margin. According to a 2010 assessment by John Sloboda, director of Iraq Body Count, 150,000 people including 122,000 civilians were killed in the Iraq War with U.S. and Coalition forces responsible for at least 22,668 insurgents as well as 13,807 civilians, with the rest of the civilians killed by insurgents, militias, or terrorists. But the human cost to the Iraqis themselves are nearly ignored in political discourse, the news media, and intellectual circles. View history Tools On Friday, 14 September 2007, ORB International, an independent polling agency located in London, published estimates of the total war casualties in Iraq since the US-led invasion of Iraq in 2003. It should be noted that both the second Lancet article and the New England Journal of Medicine article were based on studies that were completed at the height of war-related violence in Iraq. Also, in 2008, 2,028 insurgents were reported killed[141] and in 2009, with the exception of the month of June, 488 were killed according to the Iraqi Defence Ministry. The report says the U.S. and its allies were responsible for the largest share (37%) with 9,270 deaths. The decision to censor the broadcast drew criticism from both sides, including members of the armed forces, opponents of the war, MoveOn.org, and most notably Republican U.S. In several outbreaks, disease and death recorded by facility-based methods underestimated events by a factor of ten or more when compared with population-based estimates. [209] In a similar vein, Tirman observed that the Iraqi Health Ministry was affiliated with Shi'ite sectarians at the time, remarking that there was evidence that many violent deaths may have been recategorized as "non-violent" to avoid government retribution: "For example, the number of deaths by auto accidents rose by four times the pre-invasion rate; had this single figure been included in the violent deaths category, the overall estimate would have risen to 196,000. [69], Classified US military documents released by WikiLeaks in October 2010, recorded 176,382 injuries, including 99,163 civilian injuries between January 2004 and December 2009. This is misleading. "[166] A 2010 book by Nicolas Davies reported the Iraqiyun estimate, and that Iraqiyun was affiliated with the political party of Interim President Ghazi Al-Yawer. [106], As of August 2008, sixteen American troops have died from accidental electrocutions in Iraq according to the Defense Department. ", Many U.S. veterans of the Iraq War have reported a range of serious health issues, including tumors, daily blood in urine and stool, sexual dysfunction, migraines, frequent muscle spasms, and other symptoms similar to the debilitating symptoms of "Gulf War syndrome" reported by many veterans of the 1991 Gulf War, which some believe is related to the U.S.'s use of radioactive depleted uranium. Tens of thousands. [198] In comparing the two studies, peace researcher Kristine Eck of Uppsala University notes that the IFHS study which covered the same period as the Lancet survey "was based on a much larger sample (9,345 households compared to Burnham et al's 1,849) in far more clusters (1,086 clusters compared to Burnham et al's 47). That is 10,500 additional cases of PTSD for every 100,000 U.S. troops after they have served in Iraq. Such indelible scenes and wondering when and where the next one will happen are driving thousands of soldiers to take antidepressants, military psychiatrists say. yet persuaded that its safe to return to their country, they live in limbo." One symptom of this indifference is the absence of an adequate accounting of the wars destruction, particularly of war mortality. They then compared the death rate with the average from the 15 months before the war. Read more. The New York Times and the Associated Press both used this "baseline" and asserted it to be in keeping with several other estimates. Oddly, war has become a distant occurrence for most of us in the industrialized West. Two of the soldiers on the ground who arrived at the scene subsequently apologized to the Iraqi people. Iraqi refugees displaced by the American war to Syria: 1 million, Internally displaced [pdf] persons in Iraq: 1.3 million, Proportion of displaced persons who have returned home since 2008: 1/8, Rank of Iraq on Corruption Index among 182 countries: 175. The October 2006 Lancet study[32][33] states: Aside from Bosnia, we can find no conflict situation where passive surveillance [used by the IBC] recorded more than 20% of the deaths measured by population-based methods [used in the Lancet studies]. Civilian deaths in Iraq war 2003-2023 | Statista Metal contamination: "Within less than a decade, the occurrence of congenital birth defects increased by an astonishing 17-fold in the same hospital." "Proactive investigation of civilian harm is a rarity rather than the norm," they note. Other survey-based studies covering different time-spans find 461,000 total deaths (over 60% of them violent) as of June 2011 (per PLOS Medicine 2013), and 655,000 total deaths (over 90% of them violent) as of June 2006 (per the 2006 Lancet study). We present empirical reports, studies, and other accounts that convey and assess the consequences of war for the people of Iraq. [124][125] In 2003, 597 insurgents were killed, according to the U.S. We are particularly honored to bring to you the eyewitness photographs of Anja Niedringhaus, Associated Press photojournalist who has spent years in Iraq. "[218], The methodology was described thus: "This poll was conducted February 25 March 5, 2007, through in-person interviews with a random national sample of 2,212 Iraqi adults, including oversamples in Anbar province, Basra city, Kirkuk and the Sadr City section of Baghdad. Afghan Civilians Are Up Next. If we cannot determine the source of a sectarian attack, that assault does not make it into the database. ePluribus Media, an independent citizen journalism collective, is tracking and cataloging press-reported possible, probable, or confirmed incidents of post-deployment or combat-zone cases in its PTSD Timeline. 29% of these deaths involved torture. She obtained figures for the number of civilians killed in Baghdad between February 28 and April 5 [2005], and discovered that 29 had been killed in firefights involving US forces and insurgents. The Human Cost of the War in Iraq - MIT In a Brookings-LSE account, for example, scholar Elizabeth Ferris writes: "The governments of the region have generally allowed them to remain but An official with the ministry also confirmed the figure yesterday [November 10, 2006], but later said that the estimated deaths ranged between 100,000 and 150,000. Claiming that the broadcast was motivated by a political agenda designed to undermine the efforts of the United States in Iraq", the Sinclair Broadcast Group took the action of barring the seven ABC network-affiliated stations it controls from airing the show. Random killings, human bombs, dozens of violent groups, and a deepening sense of insecurity gnaw Iraq. [9][87], Iraq Body Count project data shows that the type of attack that resulted in the most civilian deaths was execution after abduction or capture. [103], Information on injuries suffered by troops of other coalition countries is less readily available, but a statement in Hansard indicated that 2,703 U.K. soldiers had been medically evacuated from Iraq for wounds or injuries as of October 4, 2004, and that 155 U.K. troops were wounded in combat in the initial invasion. Timothy R. Gulden considered it implausible that fewer than one-third of these excess deaths would have been violent in nature. [119], Data contained in the Army's fifth Mental Health Advisory Team report indicate that, according to an anonymous survey of U.S. troops taken last fall, about 12% of combat troops in Iraq and 17% of those in Afghanistan are taking prescription antidepressants or sleeping pills to help them cope. [226] Other critics of the 2006 Lancet study mirrored Spagat's views, noting that the 2013 study was an improvement but that the large confidence interval was concerning. It does not reflect well on America that many believe it to be a reckless bully unmindful of the havoc it wreaked, nor on Britain and Canada that they are camp followers of this recklessness., The consequences for the United States are even more dramatic if considering the domestic political scene. This is a decrease from a peak of 904 casualties in 2007. [43], From June 2003, through September 30, 2011, there have been 26,320-27,000+ Iraqi insurgents killed based on several estimates. While the death toll among coalition forces engaging Iraqi . (AP Photo/Andrii Marienko, File) FILE - People attend a mourning ceremony for Alexei Nogin . In March 2003, U.S. military personnel were, "More than one in four U.S. troops have come home from the Iraq war with health problems that require medical or mental health treatment, according to, 2011 451 (not including February & August), 2007 6,747 (U.S. military), 4,544 (Iraqi Defence Ministry), 2005 3,247 (U.S. military), 1,734 (Iraqi Defence Ministry), This page was last edited on 12 June 2023, at 15:22. Total insurgent deaths are hard to estimate. [127] In the two missing months from the estimate, 652 were killed in May 2004,[9] and 45 were killed in March 2009. In research circles, random cross-sectional cluster sampling survey methods are deemed to be a more rigorous epidemiological method in conflict settings. Lancet surveys of Iraq War casualties - Wikipedia Or Is It More?" Author: Michael Schwartz AlterNet, September 17, 2007 Title: "Iraq death toll rivals Rwanda genocide, Cambodian killing fields" Author: Joshua Holland For the broad definition of PTSD that represents an increase of 10.5 percent (19.9 percent 9.4 percent = 10.5 percent). Carlstrom, Gregg (October 22, 2010; last modified October 24, 2010 (at November 21, 2010)). Also, there were around 2100 attempted suicides and self-injuries in 2007. Here is how the Times got its number: "The Baghdad morgue received 30,204 bodies from 2003 through mid-2006, while the Health Ministry said it had documented 18,933 deaths from 'military clashes' and 'terrorist attacks' from April 5, 2004, to June 1, 2006. This supposition is typical of the news media nowadays, which regularly reports the lowest estimates for war mortality. [120][121][122] Moreover, the stressful effects of physical casualties and loss pose enormous stress for the primary caregiver that can adversely affect her or his parenting, as well as the couple's children directly. [32] A July 2005 United Press International (UPI) article said the number came from the chairman of the Iraqiyun humanitarian organization in Baghdad, Dr. Hatim al-'Alwani. "[218][220][223], There was a field staff of 150 Iraqis in all. (Nov. 28), Recent reports on Iraqis displaced by war show a chronic disaster. (August 29). [217][218][219][220][221][222], ABC News reported: "One in six says someone in their own household has been harmed. From February 25 to March 5, 2007, D3 Systems [17] conducted a poll for the BBC, ABC News, ARD and USA Today. No household surveys have been conducted in Afghanistan. So we have only the sketchiest notions of the wars human toll. Nationwide, the number of people killed or found dead on Wednesday. It estimated 24,000 war-related violent deaths by May 2004 (with a 95 percent confidence interval from 18,000 to 29,000). Reports range from specific, incident based accounts to figures from hospitals, morgues, and other documentary data-gathering agencies." In addition, death figures are reported through multiple channels by government agencies that function with varying efficiency."[216]. [126] From January 2004 through December 2009 (not including May 2004 and March 2009), 23,984 insurgents were estimated to have been killed based on reports from Coalition soldiers on the frontlines. It added that, "Many more Iraqis are believed to have been killed but not counted because of serious lapses in recording deaths in the chaotic first year after the invasion, when there was no functioning Iraqi government, and continued spotty reporting nationwide since." This study did not attempt to measure what portion of its estimate was made up of civilians or combatants. Another 3.2 million people have been internally displaced since January 2014, including more than a million children of school age. More than half believe the 2003 U.S. invasion was wrong, 70% believe the U.S. has "carried out responsibilities" badly during the war; and only 18 percent believe the U.S. is now playing a positive role in Iraq. Among the independent videos recently found is one from the "Winter Solider" conference (from the American News Project, which has several from Iraq); a treatment conveying the misery in Iraq in graphic imagery; an in-your-face rendition of U.S. operations challenging the usual narrative form; and one dissecting the "pre-jaded" soldiers and the cultural conditioning to be in combat. Conventional wisdom in American politics focuses only on American costs in the war in Iraq: the casualties to U.S. soldiers, the financial costs, and sometimes the strategic costs. [26][224], Participants of the ORB survey were asked the following question: "How many members of your household, if any, have died as a result of the conflict in Iraq since 2003 (ie as a result of violence rather than a natural death such as old age)? khaled Al-Dairi on Twitter [142] These numbers are also not in line with the U.S. military estimate of some 3,984 killed in 2008 and 2009. [98], USA: 4,492UK: 179Italy: 33Poland: 23Ukraine: 18Bulgaria: 13Spain: 11Denmark: 7El Salvador: 5Georgia: 5Slovakia: 4Latvia: 3Romania: 3Australia: 2Estonia: 2Netherlands: 2Thailand: 2Azerbaijan: 1Czech Republic: 1Fiji: 1Hungary: 1Kazakhstan: 1South Korea: 1TOTAL: 4,810. The governments dont discuss it, and the news media reliably report the lowest conceivable numberstens of thousands is the usual formulation for Iraq or the partial numbers collated by the U.N. office in Kabul for Afghanistan. [70], The Iraq Body Count project reported that there were at least 20,000 civilian injuries in the earliest months of the war between March and July 2003. 6 Reasons the Media Hide the True Human Toll of War And Why We Let Them", "Iraq War mortality estimates: a systematic review", "Documenting the effects of armed conflict on population health", "Bias in Epidemiological Studies of Conflict Mortality", "Article of the Year 2008 Journal of Peace Research PRIO", "Retrospective two-stage cluster sampling for mortality in Iraq | WARC", "Confidence Intervals for the Population Mean Tailored to Small Sample Sizes, with Applications to Survey Sampling", 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199977307.003.0003, "AAPOR Finds Gilbert Burnham in Violation of Ethics Code", "Questioning The Lancet, PLOS, And Other Surveys On Iraqi Deaths, An Interview With Univ. Two weeks later the Times reported on mental health studies done in Iraq among women, finding that 17 percent of those surveyed are suffering from serious, war-related mental illness. Mills, and Frederick M. Burkle noted that the IFHS's data indicated that Iraqi mortality increased by a factor of 1.9 following the invasion, compared to the factor of 2.4 found by Burnham et al., which translates to some 433,000 excess Iraqi deaths (violent and non-violent). and found that the 500,000 casualty estimate by Hagopian et al. [112] The 2007 estimate suggests amputees represent 2.2% of the 22,700 U.S. troops wounded in action (5% for soldiers whose wounds prevented them returning to duty). The Associated Press figure, gleaned from daily news reports from Baghdad, arrived at a total of 13,738 deaths. Please note that I mean those who were actually living under your roof. The quandary of what to do with the Sunni militias supported by the U.S. is becoming acute--the U.S. will stop payments to them this autumn, and the Iraqi government is unable or unwilling to absorb more than a handful into the police or army. 31% of those were attributed to the Coalition, 24% to others, 46% unknown. One-quarter of all Iraqis, and much higher numbers of Arabs, said they witnessed "unnecessary violence" against Iraqis by U.S. forces recently. Broder, John M.; Risen, James (May 19, 2007). The war is often said to have caused half a million or more deaths. [89], The IBC project has been criticized by some, including scholars, who believe it counts only a small percentage of the number of actual deaths because of its reliance on media sources. Casualties of the Iraq War - Wikipedia The 2009 law to compensate widows was only put into effect last summer, so the numbers of women who have not even been registered is unknown and possibly very large. The survey, conducted by Opinion Research Business (ORB) with 2,414 adults in face-to-face interviews, found that 20 percent of people had had at least one death in their household as a result of the conflict, rather than natural causes. of London Professor Michael Spagat", "Controversial 2006 estimate of Iraq deaths remains controversial", "Small Arms, Crime and Conflict: Global Governance and the Threat of Armed Violence", "Fudged statistics on the Iraq War death toll are still circulating today", "Official: 150,000 Iraqis Killed Since 2003 Iraqi Health Minister Says Three Injured for Every Person Killed Since U.S.-Led Invasion", "Voices From Iraq 2007: Ebbing Hope in a Landscape of Loss National Survey of Iraq", "Iraq Poll: Note on Methodology National Survey of Iraq", "Revised Casualty Analysis. of internally displaced crisis by International Rescue Committee, a major NGO, In Iraq, some brave attempts to collect and analyze data about war-related mortality have at least given us a sense of the scale of mayhem. Several household surveys, the state-of-the-art method favored by epidemiologists, indicate a death toll reaching well into the hundreds of thousands. (The show had not been able to confirm the remaining sixteen names.) Breakdown:[52][53][58], Overview: Iraqi injury estimates by source, The Human Rights Ministry of the Iraqi government recorded 250,000 Iraqi injuries between 2003 and 2012. [20][21] On January 9, 2008, the World Health Organization reported the results of the "Iraq Family Health Survey" published in The New England Journal of Medicine. ", "Combat Duty in Iraq and Afghanistan, Mental Health Problems, and Barriers to Care", "House of Commons Hansard Written Answers for 4 October 2004", https://www.nytimes.com/2003/12/06/world/region-inflamed-medicine-hundreds-us-troops-infected-parasite-borne-sand-flies.html, "Pentagon: 16 Soldiers Died from Electric Shock", "Despite Alert, Flawed Wiring Still Kills G.I. But we forget at our peril. [3] Population-based studies produce estimates of the number of Iraq War casualties ranging from 151,000 violent deaths as of June 2006 (per the Iraq Family Health Survey) to 1,033,000 excess deaths (per the 2007 Opinion Research Business (ORB) survey). First is the sheer brutality of war, which few Americans ever see, and the apparently cavalier attitudes about killing. [22] The study surveyed 9,345 households across Iraq and estimated 151,000 deaths due to violence (95% uncertainty range, 104,000 to 223,000) from March 2003 through June 2006. Davies wrote: "The report specified that it included only confirmed deaths reported to relatives, omitting significant numbers of people who had simply disappeared without trace amid the violence and chaos. [45][46][47] (See Category:Journalists killed while covering the Iraq War.) The Iraq Body Count project documents 186,901 210,296 violent civilian deaths in their table.
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